At present, the provincial public library research institutions has its problems, such as weak consciousness of scientific knowledge, scientific research, old institutions, responsibility division, institutional construction lag, management confusion, which restrict the healthy and orderly development in the field of library in scientific research. Therefore, the provincial public libraries should strengthen the theoretical research on setting and management of scientific research institutions, through the establishment of the academic committee and scientific research institutions dedicated to straighten out the library scientific management work, establishing and improveing the incentive mechanism of scientific research and scientific evaluation mechanism, the construction of research platform and academic atmosphere. Promote the work of library management innovation and breakthrough.